[quote author=desperado callado link=topic=71369.msg1255383#msg1255383 date=1173320298]
[quote author=dread link=topic=71369.msg1255358#msg1255358 date=1173319339]
I have no idea what optimal is, it would be interesting to ask some of the tuners on this forum what they think.
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GT1 posted a link to a turbo manufacturer awhile back where they state that 12:1 is borderline lean in a turbo application vs. 14:1 for N/A. But I don't know if they mean across all rpms or just at higher rpms.
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That was from the Garrett sight IIRC. I'm in no position to argue with a company as big and successful and full of engineers as Garrett, but.....in the world of aftermarket programmable ecu's like SDS, Motec, Haltec, MegaSquirt, etc, most turbo guys are tuning for 12:1 AFRs to be safe, not on the ragged edge. 12:5:1 AFRs for max effort and hope an injector doesn't hiccup. And it works well very well. Normally aspirated engines are usually tuned to 13.6 or 13.7:1 AFR for max output and 14.7 and leaner for cleanliness. I offer this only as a point of reference. I think Garrett is being very conservative in that statement.
Now the lean burn angle of direct injection is interesting. Now that it's mentioned, I recall that as well. Stratified charges and all that, although it's being used alot more in Europe than over here from what I recall.....